pathophysiology of depression and depression Risk factors

 

 

Depression is associated with an alteration of neurotransmitter systems, including the cerebral cortex and the limbic system with decreased synaptic levels of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin as well as disturbances in the homeostasis of glutamate.



Pathophysiology of depression and Risk factors for depression



Psychic separation, unemployment, feelings of injustice, trauma occurred in childhood ...

Organic: neurological diseases (Parkinson's, dementia), cerebrovascular disorders, hypothyroidism, diabetes and other endocrine disorders, cancer, autoimmune diseases, infections (HIV, tuberculosis)

Toxic: Alcoholism parental drug use or hallucinogenic psychostimulant.

Iatrogenic: Some medications can cause depression corticosteroids, beta blockers, centrally acting agents, digoxin, phenytoin, interferons, Isotretinoin, Varenicline ...



People affected by depression



    5 to 15% of the French population affected in 2008. This is the most common psychiatric disorder in the general population.

    Women are 2 times more likely than men, they are also prone to relapses and chronicity of the disease.

    Age groups most at risk 18-25 year olds in the two sexes, 45-54 years for women and 35-44 for men.

    The risk of suicide is increased tenfold when depressed. They are higher in men than in women.



Evolution of Depression



    Depression is a disease consisting of long depressive relapse. Even if the patient feels better go, there are residual symptoms that may increase the risk of relapse
    A depressive episode resolves spontaneously in 6 months to a year without treatment. However, depression is often recurrent disease, and often a depressive episode gives rise to only partial remission.
    20% of patients with depression, illness lasts for at least 2 years then it is considered chronic.
    Some subjects are moving towards a manic episode, revealing bipolar disorder requiring treatment mood stabilizer.



For more information you can watch the video below about the Pathophysiology of depression





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